Sonochemistry (6) The evolution of ultrasound never stops (ultrasonic etching)
Ultrasound is used to accelerate chemical reactions. A method that has been tried and tested for a long time, with only records of failure. Many companies are reluctant to use ultrasonic waves to accelerate chemical reactions.
Have the causes of failure been analyzed? Have the causes of the failures been blamed on ultrasound? I have never seen a case where ultrasound was understood and used.
Ultrasonic reaction acceleration is not a method that relies on ultrasonic vibrations or on visible air bubbles generated by ultrasonic waves. It is the use of positive and negative shock waves during the creation and annihilation of ultrasound-generated vacuum bubbles (cavities – microvacuum nuclei).
So, to those who say that ultrasound is no good or ineffective, I would like to ask. [Tell me the shape and size of the ultrasonic cavities you used.] If you can’t answer, then ultrasound was used without understanding.
For example, if you want to use ultrasonic etching, you must at least use a spherical nebula type cavity with a diameter of 3 to 6 mmΦ. Without a spherical nebula cavity, ultrasonic etching is not possible, and ultrasonic chemical reactions cannot be stably controlled. If you cannot make a spherical nebula cavity, it means that you do not understand ultrasonic waves.
Sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and various mixed acids. If you understand ultrasound correctly and can create countless spherical nebula cavities, you can achieve the desired chemical reaction at lower temperatures, in thinner concentrations, at higher speeds, and more uniformly. There is no alternative to cavities, which move at 100 meters per second, supplying fresh liquid and carrying away reaction products.
I sincerely hope that ultrasound will be used more in the world of chemical reactions.
by shibano